Automatic electric toaster



March 28, 1939. F. w. SCHARF AUTOMATIC ELECTRIC TOASTER 3 Shgets-Sheet 1 Filed Feb. l9, 1937 INVENTOR'.

Frank M. Jcharf' ATTORNEY.

March 28,1939. F, R} 2,152,165

AUTOMATIG ELECTRIC TOASTER Filed Feb. 19, 1957 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 a 1 I 3 I 8 III I 11/ 0 4/ W 6 1 6 $16k I l I f If? 3 f!" l' I /99 F /12 IIIII Q 7 39 was I I' l l 'I In a ms- ,u a I w 33 I MW 46- v ilf ii' .H

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lNiENTOR: Frank W Sc-fiarf' ATTORNEY.

Y ,electric toasters.

UNITED STATE PATENT OFFICE 2,152,100 AUTOMATIC ELECTRIC TOASTER Frank W. Scharf, Western Springs, 111., assignor to McGraw Electric Company, Chicago, 111., a corporation of Delaware "Application February 19, 1937, Serial No. 126,580

,- .28 Claims.

My invention relates to toasters and particularly to thermally controll ed timing means for One object of my invention is to provide a relatively simple mechanism i electric toaster to varythe duration of a toasting n a clock controlled operation in accordance with the toaster tem.

perature.

Another object of my inv ention is to provide a toaster embodying a timing mechanism which is manually wound for each toasting operation by 'a member moved through a predetermined distance, the termination of the toasting operation being effected by thermally-controlled means which permits the clock'mechanism to unwind its initial condition.

-'Another object of my inv thermally-controlled timing mechanism in which the thermally-actuable element is subjected to ention is to provide a the temperature of the toaster'frame, to direct radiant heat from the heating means and also to a through draft of cooling air.

Still another object of my invention is to provide a thermally responsive timing mechanism in which the thermally-actuable member is closely operatively associated with both of which are located chamber.

Other objects of my invention will either be a mechanical timer, outside of a toasting apparent from a description of one form of device embodying my invention or will be specifically pointed out in the course of such description.

In the drawings,

Figure 1 is a view iii-vertical longitudinalsec- 'tion' through a toaster assembly having associated therewith the parts more particularly constituting my invention. Figf'2isa-viw in vertical through taken on the line 2 Fig. 3 is a fragmentary view, in verticallongilateral "section there! -2 ofFig. 1,

tudinal section, taken on the line 3-3 of Fig. 4, Fig. 4.is a view in vertical lateral section taken on the'line 44 of Fig. 1,

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary View in taken. on the line 5-5 of Fig. 1,

vertical section Fig. 6 is a fragmentary view in horizontal section taken onthe line 6-6 Fig. a view in .horizon't l sectiontaken on the line 1-1 of Fig. 5,

of Fig. 5,

- Fig. 8fis a view. similar to Fig. '1 but showing the parts thereof in relatively different positions, Fig. 9 is a viewon an enlarged scale and taken on the line 99 of Fig. 5,

Fig. 10 is a fragmentary portion of Fig. 9;

view of the left hand in proper operative position a crumb provided with openings Fig. 11 is a fragmentary view, in vertical longltudinal section, taken on the line of Fig. 4, Fig. 12 is a fragmentary view in vertical longi- I tudinal section, taken on the line |2|2 of'Fig. 4,

Fig. 13 is a view in vertical longitudinal section 5 taken on the line |3-|3 of Fig. 4,

Fig. 14 is a fragmentary view showing more particularly the cam,

Fig.- 15 is a fragmentary view in vertical section taken on the line |5-|5 of Fig. 14, and

Fig. 16 is a fragmentary view on an enlarged scale of the latch means in its engaged position.

A toaster assembly designated generally by the numeral 2| includes a base 23 having a substantially fiat upper surface as shown in Figs. 1 to 3, 15

a depending flange porsupport tray 21, which crumb tray is provided with feet 29 in a inclusive, and having also tion which is adapted to receive and manner well known-in the art. The assembly 2 includesalso an outer casing constituted'by verticallyjextending walls 3| and a cover member 33 which do riot constitute a part of my invention and are shown for illustrative purposes only. Any suitable or desired means for securing the 5 casing portion 3| on or against'the upper surface of base 23 may be utilized and since these do not constitute a part of my invention, they have not been shown in detail.

The toaster assembly includes also one or more pairs of electric heating elements 35 here shown as including sheets 31 of electric-insulating material, such as mica, having wound thereon a' -resistor strip or wire 39, the greater portion of said resistor element being located on that surface of its supporting sheet 31 adjacent to or facing the cooperating heating element in order that a sli'caofbread located between said, heating elements shall receive substantially all of the radiant heat of the resistor on the pair of heating elements. The lower edges of the respective heating elements 35 are maintained in proper operative position by upwardly extending lugs 4| bent out of the plane of the sheet metal base 23, which sheet metal base is provided with a plurality of openings 43 therein, the cover 33 being (15 therein to permit of from the space between slices of bread to putting in and removing the heating elements successive be toasted. v Upper horizontally-extending frames 41. are provided, one for. each of the toasting chambers constituted more particularly by the spaced heat; .ing elements 35, which frames have longitudinall extending openings 49 therein registering with. 55

.indicated by 13, through shorter somewhat the outer of the two right hand rods 89, as seen operative position by depending lugs 5| integral with the respective top frames 41 at their outer edges and by return bent portions of guide wires 53-which extend through openings in the top frames 41 in a manner well known in the art;

The energization of the heating elements 35 is effected by a switch including more particularly a fixed contact member 55 insulatedly mounted on a part of a front intermediate wall 51 and by a pivotally mounted contact arm 59 also insulatedlymounted on and supportedby the front wall 51 as by a bracket 6 I (see particularly Fig. 3 of the drawings). A rear intermediate wall 63 cooperates with the front wall 51 and thevertically-extending fiat heating elements 35 to constitute a toasting chamber and while -I have shown two such toasting chambers, I do not desire to be limited thereto since the' device more particularly embodying my invention and to be de scribed in detail hereinafter maybe associated with a single slice toaster as well. The space between the wall 51 and the front wall casing- 3! may be termed the mechanism chamber.

Intermediate side walls or baifleplates 65 and 61 are provided and may be held in any suitable or desired manner, as by laterally bent lugs 69 on the respective front and rear intermediate walls 51 and 63, but these have been shown for illustrative purposes only and constitute no part of my present invention. v

Bread slice supports H are provided between each pair of electric heating elements 35 and are vertically movable relatively to the heating elements, a breadslice support being shown in nontoasting position in Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawings, from which position they may be moved downwardly until they are located near thev bottom of the heating elements. The bread supports H are provided with a plurality of lateral extensions which extend the guide Wires 53 in a manner now well known in the art, to thereby support a slice of bread in desired central position between the heating elements. The respective bread slice supports 15 extend rearwardly through the back wall 63 as shown at 14 in Fig. 1 of the drawings, through vertical slots 15 shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings, while they also extend through the front intermediate wall 51 and are connected by means of a rod 11 shown particularly in Fig. ll of the drawings.

A pivotally mounted bar 19 (see Fig. 11) is sup' ported on the rear wall 63 as by a pivot pin 81 (see Fig. 1) and has a depending arm 83 secured thereto or integral therewith to which one end of an extension coil spring 85 is connected, the other end of said spring being hooked in any one of a number of hook portions 81 provided in'the top of base 23. This biases the bread slice supports to the upper or non-toasting position.

Pairs of vertically extending guide rods 99 spaced a small distance apart as shown more particularly in Fig. 4 of the drawings are positioned in front of wall 51,. the lower ends of the rods beingsecured to the base 23, while the upper ends of these rods are secured to and held by a cross bar 9|, the outer of each pair of rods 89 being also held by forwardly extending parts of the frames 41. A vertically movable slider 93 is mounted on the outer of the left hand pair of rods 89 and a similar slider 95 is mounted on best in Fig. 4 of the drawings.

I -ally mounted on the slider 93 short spring I03 holds it yieldingly in a given ports moves in a slot v may either be secured to plate A plate 96 is mounted on slider 93 and as shown best in Fig. 3 of the drawings, is provided with a vertically angularly-extending slot 91 therein in whicha pin 99 on the switch arm 59 is adapted to slide in order to effect actuation of this arm to close and open the switch. The plate 96 is pivotas at I 0| and a position to thereby insure that the cooperating contacts 55 and the contact on the arm 59 will always be in tight operative engagement when pressed together. It is obvious that a downward movement of the slider 93 the switch comprising the will eifect closing of contact 55 and arm 59, andtherefore energization of the heating elements. 3

The rod 11 connecting the two bread slice suparm 19 and is connected by a plate I05 to slider 93 while a similar plate not particularly shown in the drawings connects the other end thereof to slider 95. l v 7 An actuating element for moving both sliders 93 and 95 in a downwardly direction to thereby move the bread support from non-toasting to toasting position and to simultaneously effect closing of the switch comprises aplate I01 which has a left hand lateral extension I09 to engage slider 93 and move it downwardly while at the same time ithas a portion III (see Fig. 4) either surrounding the right hand outer rod 89 or located closely adjacent thereto and above the up- L per end of slider 95 to cause it also to move downwardly. The member I01 has mounted thereon by the lower edge of a recessed plate I33 which engage with the inner one. of each pair of rods 89, as best seen in Fig. 4 of the drawings. An actuating knob H5 is secured to a member II?! of the movement of the bread supports into toasting position and the closing of the switch, includes a constant speed timing mechanism I 2i shown generally only since it constitutes no part of my present invention, but which includes a spring I23, (see Fig. 4) a pinion I25and a rack bar engaging pinion I25 and held in proper operative position relatively thereto by a guide roller I29. The lower end of rack bar I21 is provided with a laterally extending pin I3'I which is engageable by the lower edge of a recessed plate I33 which v I01 or be integral therewith. It is obvious that when plate I01 is moved downwardly, rack bar I21 is also moved downwardly, such that the clock mechanism is wound up to a predetermined degree by a downward movement of knob H5 and the associated parts will then immediately start to unwind causing a gradual upward movement of rack bar I21 and therefore a gradual upward movement of member I01 through the instrumentality of plate I33.

A latching means for holding the switch in closed position and the bread supports in toasting I03 in the forward end of.

L-shapewhich is mounted on plate I91 and and the design and construction is a swiveling frame I39 (see Fig. which frame is pivotedon a pivot pin Ill secured to a bracket I43 which is mounted on the front surface of the front intermediate wall 51.. Latch I31 is main- 5 tained in a position to engage lug I35 by a spring I45 shown generally only in Fig. 16 of the drawings, the upper end of'which is secured to a part of skeleton frame I39 Any other suitable means effective for. the same purpose may, however, be

employed. Latch I31 is pivotally suspended on a pivot pin I41, which is aligned with the pivot pin I4I so that the frame I39 mayhave movement in a horizontal plane without affecting,- the engagement of member I31 with lug I35.

Means for effecting a swinging mbvement' of I latch I31 on its pivot pin is provided in the shape of a latch release pin I5I which is mounted in.

frame I39 to have axial movement relatively to' its own length and which is maintained in inoperat'ive position by a helical spring I53 and suit while Fig. 10 shows it in its normal or inoperative position. The pin I5I is provided at its other end with a rounded head I6I. A cam plate I63 which may either be integral with plate I33 or separate therefrom is mounted'on member I01 and extends therefrom toward front wall 51 and into the path of head I6I of the latch release pin. The shape of the surface or of an edge of the cam I63 may be as shown in greater detail in Fig. 14 5 of the drawings where I have illustrated the relative positions of the head I 6I of the pin for various operating conditions of the toaster, more particularly the temperature thereof. It is obvious that when a slice of bread is to be toasted in an initially cold toaster, a longer operating time will be required to toast the bread to the desired degree thanwill be the case after use of the toaster and a consequent rise of temperature thereof in a manner now well understood in the art. The lowermost position of head I6I as seen in Fig. 14 corresponds therefore to itsposition, controlled by means now to be described, when the toaster is cold, the intermediate one of said heads showing the position thereof when the toaster is partially warm and the uppermost one when the i toaster is at its maximum normal operating temperature. I I

Thermal means to effect this change of position of the head of the latch release pin includes m a bimetal element I65 having oneend thereof held bybracket I43. and by a'screw I, while the other end thereof is freeto swing away from the front wall 51,,as is best seen in Fig. 8 of the drawings, and operatlvely engage an adjusting screw I61 mounted on the frame "I39, which frame is further .provided with an adjusting .screw I69 .(see Fig. 5 ofthe drawings) to adjust thei'position of frame I39 relatively to the front wall 51.

A stopmember "I is spaced from and mounted To on the front wall 51 and'is in the shape of a bar held; by a machine bolt I13 (see Fig. 13).

Theibimetal element I65 is subjected not only to the temperature of the toaster frame, particu larly' the temperature of the intermediate wall 76' 51 to which one-of itsend portions is secured, but

also to direct radiant heat from the heating elements 35 through an opening I14 in wall 51', as

I well as to a through draft of cooling air passing upwardly through the mechanism chamber. This cooling air enters through one or more openings I16 (Fig. 1) in base 23 and. leaves through one or more openings I18 (Fig. 1) provided in the cover 33 above the mechanism chamber. While I have shown a bimetal bar I do not desire to be limited thereto as any equivalent the'rmally-actuable element may be used. It will be noted that thermal element I65 as well as the mechanical timer are closely operatively associated and are positioned outside of the toasting chamber.

Means for connecting the respective electrical resistor elements may comprise rods I15'and bars I11 (see Fig. 2) extendinglaterallybetween the respective heating elements, wires being provided at the proper points in the circuit to connect the fixed contact member 55 andxthe swinging arm 59 in circuit, a pair of terminal members I19 be-' ing provided on the rear intermediate wall 63 near the bottom end thereof to which a twin conductor cord I8I may extend, a bushing I83 being provided in the casing 3| in therear wall thereof in a manner'well known in the art.

Let it be assumed that an operator wishes to toast one or more slices of bread when the toaster structure is cold-or is at room temperature. The adjustment of the bimetal barI 65 is such that it is in substantiallythe position shown in ljigsfi and '1 of the drawings, that is in substantially flat-face engagement with the front wall 15: The swiveling frame I39 is therefore in a position closest to the front'wall 51, being urged thereto by a spring I85 (see Fig. 5) and the returning manually actuable element including the member Illli and particularly the cam I63 will engage the rounded head- I6I at a relatively late time in the return movement of these elements, the head then being in the positionshown by the lowermost circle designated I6I in Fig. 14- of the drawings. As'soon as this engagement occurs, the head I6I and the pin I5I are moved axially to the left as seen in the various front view figures of the drawings, so that the conical surface I59 will effect a swingingmovement of latch I31 to cause it to move out of engagement with lug I35, the actuated position of member I 31 being best shown in Fig. 16 of the drawings. This permits return ofthe bread supports to their upper or non-toasting positions and the simultaneous opening of the switch, all of whichis effected by the tensioned spring 85, toterminate a-toasting operation. It will be noted that engagement of the cam and the release pin is positive with no tendency to drag and .release 'of.the, latch is therefore also effectedpositively.

If a number of toasting cycles "are effected in quick succession, it is obvious that since the high expansion component of bimetal element I65 is adjacent to the wall 51, the free end of element I65 is moved outwardly and latch release pin I5I and more particularly the head thereof is moved, say intothe position shown by the middle circle I6I in Fig. 14 and finallyinto the position shown by the-upper. circle I6]. or Fig. 14, thereby causing perature at substantially the end of the toastin operation.

12 have found that the subjection of the thereto from the toaster frame or structure as well as to heat radiated againstit directly from and by the heating means, results in a highly sensitive thermal element operating at relatively high temperatures. The presence of a through draft of cooling air results in quick reduction in the temperature ofthe thermal element when the toaster is not in use, so that the thermally controlled timing mechanism varies the'duration of a toasting operation in accordance with toaster temperature, to toast successive slices of bread to substantially. the same degree irrespective of the length of time intervals between successive toasting operations.

It is one of the important objects of my invention to permit the timer mechanism to return to its initial condition and it is obvious that this can be effected by the mechanism shown, since the head IGI will ride on the inner surface of cam plate I63 after the pin has been moved axially as hereinafter described to effect disengagement of members I31 and I35. 7

A knob I 81 associated with the clock mechanism permits of manually varying'the action of the mechanism to meet varying operating conditions, such as different line voltages, diflerent kinds 'of bread, etc.

I am aware of a patent relating 'to a somewhat similar mechanism in which a cam is located in the path of a returning latch-actuating element, movable by a similar clock mechanism, but in this device the clock mechanism is not always permitted to unwind toits initial condition, which is undesirable. In contradistinction to this the elements more particularly'constituting my invention efiect winding of the clock mechanism to a predetermined degree in every case since the manually actuable elements must be moved through the full length of their possible travel in order to have the latch means elTect a holding of the parts in their actuated positions. It is further obviousthat the clock mechanism may unwind to its initial condition (irrespective of when the toasting operation'is terminated) which is highly desirable since it introduces no fatigue effects into the clock spring which might vary the time of operation offthe mechanismflafter the toaster has been in use for some time.

It is further obvious that release of the latching means can beefiected at any time during the. operation by merely moving knob II5 upwardly which moves the manual actuating element I01 upwardly, accompanied of course by upward movement of cam I63 and its engagement with the head I SI of the latch release pin and consequent release of the latch.

While I have illustrated and described a latch release plate, since an operative device embodying such element has been built and. used by me, I do not desire to be limited thereto since a cam platecan be utilized by me, it being only necessary to vary the relative positions of the cam and of the head of the latch release pin or its equivalent member and provide suflicient axial movement of the latch release member to obtain substantially the same results, that is, an actuation or the latch release member at the desired time as controlled and determined by the thermal element, but at the same time permitting full unwinding of the clock mechanism, that is, unwinding thereof to its initial condition.

While I have illustrated and described a constant speed mechanical timer, it is obvious thatmy invention is not limited thereto, but that the 2,152,i thermally-actuable element to heat conducted inventive concept may be applied also to a constant speed clock mechanism or even to a purely thermal control.

,Various modifications maybe made in the device embodying my invention without departing from the spirit and scope thereof and I desire therefore that only such limitations shall be placed a's are imposedby the prior art or are set forth in the appended claims.

I claim as my invention:

1. In an electric toaster, the combination with electric heating means,, a control switch therefor biased to open position, a constant speed mechanical timer, a manually actuable member movable in one direction to effect closing of said switch and winding-up of said timer and adapted to be returned to its initial cold position by the timer and a latch means to hold the switch in closed position, of thermally controlled means including a latch release member and a cam plate on the manually actuable member adapted to cooperate to release the latch to effect opening of the switch after a length of time dependent on the temperature of the toaster at substantially the end of the toasting operation.

2. In an electric toaster, the combination with heating means, a bread slice support movable relatively to the heating means into toasting and non-toasting position, means to bias the support to non-toasting position, a constant speed mechanical timer, a manually-actuable means movable in one direction to eifect closing of a control, switch to efiect movement of the bread support to toasting position and windingup of the timer and adaptedtobe returned to its initial cold position by the timer and a latch means adapted to hold thebread support in toasting position, of thermally-actuable means including a latchrelease member and a cam plate on the manually actuable means adapted to operate to release the latch to efiect return of the bread support to non-toasting position after a length of time dependent on the temperature of the v toaster at substantially the end of the toasting operation. I

3. Atoaster as set forth in claim 1 in which the thermally controlled means' is so designed and constructed that themechanical timer may unwind to its initial cold condition irrespective of when the latch is released.

4. A toaster as set forth in claim 2 in which the thermally-actuable means is so designed and constructed that the mechanical timer may unwind to its initial cold'condition irrespective of when the latch is released."

5. In an electric toaster, the combination with.

' movement of the bread slice'support'into toasting position and winding up of the timer and adapted to be returned to its initial cold position by the timer and latch means adapted to hold the switch closed and thesbread slic'e support in toasting position, of thermally controlled means including a latch release member and a cam'plate on the manually actuable means adapted to cooperate to. release the latch means to effect return of the bread slice support-to non-toasting position and opening of the switch after a length of time dependent on the temperatureof the toaster electric heating means, a control switch therefor at substantially the end ofthe toasting operation.

6. A toaster as set forth in claim 5 in which the thermally controlled means is so designed and constructed that the timer may, unwind to its initial cold condition irrespective of the latch release time.

'7. In a toaster, the combination with a casing,- a heating means therein,'means adapted to control the energization of the heating means biased to de'energizing position, manually actuable means to move the control means to energizing position and a latch to hold it in energizing position, of means to effect 'release of said latch after' a length of time dependent on toaster temperature, said release means including a cam member, a latch release member adapted to engage and be actuated by the cam member, a mechanical timer adapted to move one of said members relatively to the other member to effect release of the latch and to move the manually actuable means tosits initial cold position and a thermally-actuable element adapted to actuate one of said members to vary the positions of said members relatively to .each other in dependence on the toaster tem-..

perature to vary the length of time after which the latch is released.

8. A toaster as set forth in claim '7 in which the thermally actuable element is so located as to be subjected to radiant heat direct from the heating means, to the temperature of ,the toaster frame and to a through draft of cooling air caused by-the heating means when the toaster is being operated. v

v 9. A device as set forth in claim '7 in which the direction of the movement effected by the thermally-actuable element is at substantially a right angle to the direction of the movement effected by the timer,.

v 10. In a toaster, the combination with a casing, a heating means therein, means adapted to control the energization of the heating means biased to de-energizing position, means to move the control means to energizing position and a latch for holding it in energizing position, of

'means to effect release of said latch after a length of time dependent on the temperature of the toaster, said release means including a cam member, a latch releasemember adapted to engage and be actuated by the cam member, a mechani-. cal timer adapted to move one of said members relatively to the'other member to effect release of said latch and a thermally actuable element adapted to act on. the otherof said members to vary the positions of said members relatively to each other in dependence on the temperature of the toaster to vary the length of time after which the latch is released, the direction ofthe inovement of the other member effected by thether- *mally actuable element being at substantially a right angle to the direction of movement of said one member effected by said timer.

11. In a toaster, the combination with a'c'asing,

' an electric toasting element therein, a front intermediate vertical wall between the toasting ele ment and the front wall of the casing, a switch adapted to control the toasting element, a .bread slice supportmovable into toastingand' nontoasting position relatively to the toasting-ele- 'ment, 'means to bias the switch to open position and the bread slice support to non-toasting position, means to'move the bread slice support .to toasting position and the switch to closed position and a latch means to hold the switch 'in closed position and the bread slice support in toasting position, of means to effect release off the latch after a time interval the length of which is dependent on the temperature of the toaster, said release means including a cam member, a latch release member adapted to engage and be actuated by the cam member, a mechanical timer adapted to be wound up by the means moving the bread slice support to toasting position and closing the switch and adapted also to automatically cause opening of the switch and return of the bread slice support to non-toasting position and a bimetal bar positioned on the front intermediate vertical wall adapted to receive heat by conduction from the toaster, adapted to cooperate with the timer to vary the length of time before the switch -is opened and the bread slice support is returned to non-toasting position in dependence on toaster temperature.

12. In an electric toaster, the combination with of a predetermined length of time and athermally-controlled member responsive to toaster temperature adapted .to operatively engage the swivelling latch to shift the point of engagement of the cam and the latch-releasing member to vary saidpredetermined length of time in accordance with, toaster temperature at substantially the end of the toasting operation. 13. In a toaster, the combination with an electric heater, a control switch therefor biased to open position, a clock mechanism and a manually-actuable member movable in one direction to effect closing of said switch and winding of the clock mechanism and adapted to be returned to its initial positionby the clock mechanism, of a swivelling latch means for holding the switch in closed position including an axially-movable latch-release pin biased to inoperative position, a cam plate on the manually-actuable member adapted to haveslidable flat-face engagement with said pinto move the same axially and cause release of said latch and a thermally-actuable member responsive to toaster temperature adapted't'o operatively engage the swivelling latch means to shift the point of en a ement of said pin with said cam plate in accordance with toaster temperature.

-14.v In a toaster, the combinatio with an electric heater, a control switch there 'or biased to ,open position, a mechanical timer, a manuallyactuable means movable in one direction to effect 'closingofsaid switch and winding of the timer and adapted to be returned to its initial cold position by the timer after each toasting operation and a swivelling latch means for holding the switch in closed position, of a cam plate on the m anually-actuable member, alatch-release pin biased toinoperative position and having one end located in the path of travel of one face of 'saidcamplate and a thermal element responsive to toaster temperature op'eratively' engaging the' latch-r'elease pin to vary the, relative positions of the release pin and the cam plate to thereby vary the length of time of a toasting end thereof located in the peration in accordance with toaster temperature. 15. In a toaster, the combinationwith an electric heater, tively to the electric heater into toasting and nontoasting position and biased to non-toasting position, a clock mechanism, a manually-actuable means movable in one direction to efiect movement of the bread support to toasting position and winding of the 0100' mechanism and adapted to be returned to its initial position by the clock mechanism during a toasting operation and a swivelling latch means for holding the bread support in toasting position, of a cam plate on the manually-actuable means, a latch release pin biased to inoperative position and having one path of travel of one face of said cam plate and a thermal member responsive to toaster temperature operatively engaging the latch-release pin adapted to shift .the relative positions of the pin and the cam plate to vary the length of time of a toasting operation in accordance with the temperature of the toaster. 16. In a toaster, the combination with an electric heater, a' control switch therefor biased to open position, a clock mechanism, a movable means manually-actuable in one direction to effect closing of said switch and winding of the clock mechanism and adapted to be returned to its initial cold position by the clock mechanism during and after the toasting operation and a latch means for holding the switch closed, of a normally-inoperative latch-release member, a cam memher on said manually-actuable means adapted to engage and actuate said latch-release member during. the return movement ofsaid manually-actuable means and a thermally-actuable element responsive to toaster temperature operatively engaging one of said members to efiect a change of engaging position therebetween to vary the length of time of a toasting operation in accordance with toaster temperature.

17. Advice as set forth in claim. 16 m which the clockv mechanism may unwindto its initial cold condition irrespective of when the latch-release member is actuated during the return movement of the manually actuabie means.

18. In a toaster, the combinationwith an electric heater, a control switch therefor biased to open position, a clock me a member normally located in one position and I able through agiven distance in one direction to effect closing of the switch and elockmechanism and returnable toits position bythe unwinding of the clock during a toast- 8 operation and a latch means for hoiding'the SWitOhfiClOSBd,0f;8 thermally-controlled latchreleasing means including a manually-movable member, a tive latch-release pin one end of which is located in the-path of the return travel of one-face of said cam plate and movable therealong atte: latchreleasing action thereof whereby unwinding of the clock mechanism to its initial condition may occur and a thermal element 1' we to toaster tem- Peratureadapted to operatively engage the latch cam plate on the release pin to move the same relatively to the I cam plate and vary the.

point of engagement therebetween and thereby vary the duration of a toasting operation 'in accordance withtoaster temperaturerj '19. In a toaster, the combination with an electric heater, a bread slice support movable relatively to said heater into toasting and non-toasta bread slice support movable. relanormally-inoperaing position andbiased to non-toasting position, a clock mechanism and a member connected to the bread support and manually-movable in one direction to move the bread support to toasting position and to wind the clock mechanism and adapted to be returned to its initial position by the unwinding of the clock, of a swivelling latch means for holding the bread support in toasting position including an axially-movable latchrelease pin biased to inoperative position, a cam plate on the manually-movable member adapted to have slidable flat-face engagement with one end of said pin to move the same axially and cause release of the latch and a thermallyactuable member responsive to toaster temperature adapted to operatively engage the swivelling latch means to shift the point of engagement of the end of said pin with said cam plate and thereby vary the time of release of said latch.

20. In a toaster, the combination with an electrio heater, a bread slice support movable relabread support in toasting position, of a swivelling A axially-movable latch-release pin biased to inoperative'position, a cam plate on the manuallymovable memberadapted to have slidable flatface' engagement with one end of said pin to move the same axially and cause release of the latch during the return movement of the manuallymovable member and a thermal element responsive to toaster temperature adapted to operative- 1y engage the swivelling latch-release pin and shirt the point of engagement of theend of said pin with said cam plate to vary the time of release oi said latch.

21. In a, toaster, the combination with anelectric heater, a control switch therefor, a bread slice support movable to toasting and to non-toasting position relatively to said heater, :1. spring biasing said'switch to open posi on and the bread support to non-toasting position,.a clock mechanism, a member normally biased to one position by said spring and manually-movable in one direction and connected to thereby cause closing of the switch, movement of the bread support to toasting position and winding of the clock mechanism and returnable to its'initial position by the unwinding of the clock mechanism during a toast n operation and a latch means for holding the switch closed and-the bread support in toasting position, of a thermally-controlled latch-releasing means including a cam plate on-the manuallymovable member, a pivotally-mounted latchrelease pin biased to inoperative position, one end of said pin being located in the path of the return travel of one face of said cam plate and movable ther'ealong after latch-releasing action thereof whereby unwinding of the clock mechanism to its initial condition may occur and a thermal element responsive to toaster temperature operativetoaster, the combination with a pair of spaced electric heaters, front and back walls cooperating with said heaters to constitute a toasting chamber, a control switch for aid heaters biased to open position, a clock mechanism located adjacent one of said-walls, a frame adjacent said one wall vertically manually-movable in one direction and connected to thereby wind up the clock'mechanism and effect closing of the switch and returnable to its initial position by the unwinding of the clock mechanism during a toasting operation and a latch for holding the switch closed, of a thermally-controlledllatch release means including acam plate secured to said frame, a framesupporting said latch pivotally supported on said one wall, a latch-release pin supported for axial movement in said pivotallymounted frame, normally biased to inoperative position and having one end thereof located in the path of the return travel of one face of said cam plate and movable therealong after latchreleasing engagement therebetween whereby unwinding of the clock mechanism to its initial condition may .occur and a bimetal bar mounted on said one walland subjected to the temperature of the toasting chamber and adapted to operatively engage said pivotally-mounted frame to cause movement of said one end of said latch-release pin relatively to said cam plate to shift the point of engagement therebetween to thereby vary the duration of a toasting operation.

23. In a vertical oven typetoaster, the combination with a pair of spaced flat vertically-extending electric heaters, vertical front and back walls cooperating with said spaced electric heaters to define a toasting chamber, a control switch for'said heaters biased to open position, ajclock mechanism located adjacent said front wall, and

I an actuating structure adjacent said'front wall manually movable through a given distance in a downwardlyv direction and connected to thereby effect closing of said switch and winding of the clock mechanism and returnable to its initial.

position by the unwinding of the clock mechanism, of a frame having a pivotal mounting on said front wall, a latch means thereon, a cam plate on the actuating structure, a latch-release pin mounted on said pivotally-mounted frame and biased to inoperative position and. having one end thereof located in the path of the. return travel of one face of said cam plate and movable v therealong after latch-releasing engagement therebetween whereby unwinding of the clock mechanism to its initial condition may occur and a bimetal bar having one end operatively secured to said front wall and its movable and adapted to operatively engage the pivotally-mounted frame to cause movement of said one end of the latchreleasing pin relatively to said cam plate to vary the point of engagement therebetween to vary the duration of the toasting operation.

24. In avertical oven type toaster, the combination with a pair of spaced flat vertically-extending electric heaters, vertical front and back walls cooperating withsaid spaced heaters to define a toasting chamber, a controlswitch for said heaters, abread slice support 'in said toasting 1 chamber movable relatively to said heaters into toasting and non-toasting positions, a single means connected to bias the switch to open position and the bread support tonon-toasting position, a clock-mechanism and an actuating structure manually-movable in a downwardly direction through a given distance and connected to thereby effect closing. of the switch, movement of the bread support to toasting position and winding of the clock mechanism, said structure being actuable element for actuating by unwinding of the clock mechanism to its initial condition may occur and. a bimetal bar having one end operatively secured to said front wall and having its movable end adapted to operatively engage the pivotally mounted frame to cause movement of said one end of the pin relatively to said cam plate laterally of its pathv of travel to shift the point of engagement therebetween'to vary the time of actuation of said latch-release pin.

25. In a toaster, the combination with a casing, electric toasting means therein, a vertical intermediate wall in the casing to provide a toasting chamber and a, mechanism chamber and means to initiate a toasting operation, of means to automatically terminate a toasting operation after a time interval the length of which is dependent on the temperature of the toaster, said terminating means including a thermally-actuable element positioned against the vertical intermediate wallin the mechanism chamber to subject the element to heat conducted through the intermediate wall andsubjected also to radiant heat directly from the toasting means and to a draft of cooling air. caused, flowing through the mechanism chamber.

26. In a toaster, the combination with a casing, electric toasting means therein, a vertical intermediate wall in the casing providing a toasting chamber and a mechanism automatically terminate a toasting operation after a time interval the length of which is de-,,

pendent on the'temperature of the toaster,-said terminating means including a mechanical timer chamber and means to initiate a toasting operation, of means to by the toasting. means and in the mechanism chamber and a thermallyactuable element adapted to cooperate with the timer to varythe length of a toasting operation,

said thermally-actuable element being located in the mechanism chamber subject to heat conducted'to it from the vertical intermediate wall, to radiant heat directly from the toasting means and to a current of cooling air created by the toasting means and flowing nism chamber.

through the mecha- 27. In an automatic toaster, the combination with electric heating means, a bread support movable relatively to said heating means into toasting and non-toasting positions relatively to said biased to non-toasting position, means to move the bread support to toasting heating means and position and a latch to hold the bread support in toasting position, or means to effect release of said latch after a length of time dependent on toaster temperature, said release means includ ing a cam member, a latch release memberadapted to engage and be actuated by the cam member, a mechanical timer adapted to move one of said members relatively to the other memberto effect release of the latch and to move the bread support to non-toasting position and a thermallyone' of said mem sition, a mechanical bers to vary the position of said members relatively to each other in dependence on the toaster temperature to vary-the length of time after which the latch is released.

28. In an automatic toaster, the combination with an electric heater, a bread support movable into toasting and non-toasting positions reiative- 1y to said heater and biased to non-toasting potimer, means to move the support to toasting positionand windup the timer and a latch to 'hold the support in toasting position, of a normally-inoperative mem her for eflfecting release of said latch after a time interval, a cam member movable by said mechanical timer during the unwinding thereof adapted to engage and actuate said latch-release member and a therma11y-actuable element responsive to toaster temperature for engaging one of said members to effect a. change of engaging position therebetween to vary the time interval after which release of the latch is effected in accordance with toaster temperature.

FRANK w. some. 

